bpf: Introduce mem, size argument pair support for kfunc

BPF helpers can associate two adjacent arguments together to pass memory
of certain size, using ARG_PTR_TO_MEM and ARG_CONST_SIZE arguments.
Since we don't use bpf_func_proto for kfunc, we need to leverage BTF to
implement similar support.

The ARG_CONST_SIZE processing for helpers is refactored into a common
check_mem_size_reg helper that is shared with kfunc as well. kfunc
ptr_to_mem support follows logic similar to global functions, where
verification is done as if pointer is not null, even when it may be
null.

This leads to a simple to follow rule for writing kfunc: always check
the argument pointer for NULL, except when it is PTR_TO_CTX. Also, the
PTR_TO_CTX case is also only safe when the helper expecting pointer to
program ctx is not exposed to other programs where same struct is not
ctx type. In that case, the type check will fall through to other cases
and would permit passing other types of pointers, possibly NULL at
runtime.

Currently, we require the size argument to be suffixed with "__sz" in
the parameter name. This information is then recorded in kernel BTF and
verified during function argument checking. In the future we can use BTF
tagging instead, and modify the kernel function definitions. This will
be a purely kernel-side change.

This allows us to have some form of backwards compatibility for
structures that are passed in to the kernel function with their size,
and allow variable length structures to be passed in if they are
accompanied by a size parameter.

Signed-off-by: Kumar Kartikeya Dwivedi <memxor@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220114163953.1455836-5-memxor@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>

include/linux/bpf_verifier.h

@@ -521,6 +521,8 @@ bpf_prog_offload_remove_insns(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, u32 off, u32 cnt);
 
 int check_ctx_reg(struct bpf_verifier_env *env,
 		  const struct bpf_reg_state *reg, int regno);
+int check_kfunc_mem_size_reg(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, struct bpf_reg_state *reg,
+			     u32 regno);
 int check_mem_reg(struct bpf_verifier_env *env, struct bpf_reg_state *reg,
 		   u32 regno, u32 mem_size);