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33a71e3289
* Remove `es-test-dir` book-scoped variable * Remove `plugins-examples-dir` book-scoped variable * Remove `:dependencies-dir:` and `:xes-repo-dir:` book-scoped variables - In `index.asciidoc`, two variables (`:dependencies-dir:` and `:xes-repo-dir:`) were removed. - In `sql/index.asciidoc`, the `:sql-tests:` path was updated to fuller path - In `esql/index.asciidoc`, the `:esql-tests:` path was updated idem * Replace `es-repo-dir` with `es-ref-dir` * Move `:include-xpack: true` to few files that use it, remove from index.asciidoc
316 lines
12 KiB
Text
316 lines
12 KiB
Text
[role="xpack"]
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[[find-field-structure]]
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= Find field structure API
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Finds the structure of a field in an Elasticsearch index.
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[discrete]
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[[find-field-structure-request]]
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== {api-request-title}
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`GET _text_structure/find_field_structure`
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[discrete]
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[[find-field-structure-prereqs]]
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== {api-prereq-title}
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* If the {es} {security-features} are enabled, you must have `monitor_text_structure` or
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`monitor` cluster privileges to use this API. See
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<<security-privileges>>.
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[discrete]
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[[find-field-structure-desc]]
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== {api-description-title}
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This API provides a starting point for extracting further information from log messages
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already ingested into {es}. For example, if you have ingested data into a very simple
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index that has just `@timestamp` and `message` fields, you can use this API to
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see what common structure exists in the `message` field.
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The response from the API contains:
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* Sample messages.
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* Statistics that reveal the most common values for all fields detected within
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the text and basic numeric statistics for numeric fields.
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* Information about the structure of the text, which is useful when you write
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ingest configurations to index it or similarly formatted text.
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* Appropriate mappings for an {es} index, which you could use to ingest the text.
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All this information can be calculated by the structure finder with no guidance.
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However, you can optionally override some of the decisions about the text
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structure by specifying one or more query parameters.
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Details of the output can be seen in the <<find-field-structure-examples,examples>>.
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If the structure finder produces unexpected results,
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specify the `explain` query parameter and an `explanation` will appear in
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the response. It helps determine why the returned structure was
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chosen.
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[discrete]
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[[find-field-structure-query-parms]]
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== {api-query-parms-title}
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`index`::
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(Required, string) The name of the index containing the field.
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`field`::
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(Required, string) The name of the field that's analyzed.
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include::{es-ref-dir}/text-structure/apis/find-structure-shared.asciidoc[tag=param-column-names]
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include::{es-ref-dir}/text-structure/apis/find-structure-shared.asciidoc[tag=param-delimiter]
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`documents_to_sample`::
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(Optional, unsigned integer) The number of documents to include in the structural
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analysis. The minimum is 2; the default is 1000.
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include::{es-ref-dir}/text-structure/apis/find-structure-shared.asciidoc[tag=param-explain]
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include::{es-ref-dir}/text-structure/apis/find-structure-shared.asciidoc[tag=param-format]
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include::{es-ref-dir}/text-structure/apis/find-structure-shared.asciidoc[tag=param-grok-pattern]
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include::{es-ref-dir}/text-structure/apis/find-structure-shared.asciidoc[tag=param-ecs-compatibility]
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include::{es-ref-dir}/text-structure/apis/find-structure-shared.asciidoc[tag=param-quote]
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include::{es-ref-dir}/text-structure/apis/find-structure-shared.asciidoc[tag=param-should-trim-fields]
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include::{es-ref-dir}/text-structure/apis/find-structure-shared.asciidoc[tag=param-timeout]
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include::{es-ref-dir}/text-structure/apis/find-structure-shared.asciidoc[tag=param-timestamp-field]
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include::{es-ref-dir}/text-structure/apis/find-structure-shared.asciidoc[tag=param-timestamp-format]
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[discrete]
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[[find-field-structure-examples]]
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== {api-examples-title}
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[discrete]
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[[find-field-structure-example]]
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=== Analyzing Elasticsearch log files
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Suppose you have a list of {es} log messages in an index.
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You can analyze them with the `find_field_structure` endpoint as follows:
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[source,console]
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----
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POST _bulk?refresh=true
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{"index":{"_index":"test-logs"}}
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{"message":"[2024-03-05T10:52:36,256][INFO ][o.a.l.u.VectorUtilPanamaProvider] [laptop] Java vector incubator API enabled; uses preferredBitSize=128"}
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{"index":{"_index":"test-logs"}}
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{"message":"[2024-03-05T10:52:41,038][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [laptop] loaded module [repository-url]"}
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{"index":{"_index":"test-logs"}}
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{"message":"[2024-03-05T10:52:41,042][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [laptop] loaded module [rest-root]"}
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{"index":{"_index":"test-logs"}}
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{"message":"[2024-03-05T10:52:41,043][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [laptop] loaded module [x-pack-core]"}
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{"index":{"_index":"test-logs"}}
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{"message":"[2024-03-05T10:52:41,043][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [laptop] loaded module [x-pack-redact]"}
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{"index":{"_index":"test-logs"}}
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{"message":"[2024-03-05T10:52:41,043][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [laptop] loaded module [ingest-user-agent]"}
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{"index":{"_index":"test-logs"}}
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{"message":"[2024-03-05T10:52:41,044][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [laptop] loaded module [x-pack-monitoring]"}
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{"index":{"_index":"test-logs"}}
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{"message":"[2024-03-05T10:52:41,044][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [laptop] loaded module [repository-s3]"}
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{"index":{"_index":"test-logs"}}
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{"message":"[2024-03-05T10:52:41,044][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [laptop] loaded module [x-pack-analytics]"}
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{"index":{"_index":"test-logs"}}
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{"message":"[2024-03-05T10:52:41,044][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [laptop] loaded module [x-pack-ent-search]"}
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{"index":{"_index":"test-logs"}}
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{"message":"[2024-03-05T10:52:41,044][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [laptop] loaded module [x-pack-autoscaling]"}
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{"index":{"_index":"test-logs"}}
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{"message":"[2024-03-05T10:52:41,044][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [laptop] loaded module [lang-painless]]"}
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{"index":{"_index":"test-logs"}}
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{"message":"[2024-03-05T10:52:41,059][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [laptop] loaded module [lang-expression]"}
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{"index":{"_index":"test-logs"}}
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{"message":"[2024-03-05T10:52:41,059][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [laptop] loaded module [x-pack-eql]"}
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{"index":{"_index":"test-logs"}}
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{"message":"[2024-03-05T10:52:43,291][INFO ][o.e.e.NodeEnvironment ] [laptop] heap size [16gb], compressed ordinary object pointers [true]"}
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{"index":{"_index":"test-logs"}}
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{"message":"[2024-03-05T10:52:46,098][INFO ][o.e.x.s.Security ] [laptop] Security is enabled"}
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{"index":{"_index":"test-logs"}}
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{"message":"[2024-03-05T10:52:47,227][INFO ][o.e.x.p.ProfilingPlugin ] [laptop] Profiling is enabled"}
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{"index":{"_index":"test-logs"}}
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{"message":"[2024-03-05T10:52:47,259][INFO ][o.e.x.p.ProfilingPlugin ] [laptop] profiling index templates will not be installed or reinstalled"}
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{"index":{"_index":"test-logs"}}
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{"message":"[2024-03-05T10:52:47,755][INFO ][o.e.i.r.RecoverySettings ] [laptop] using rate limit [40mb] with [default=40mb, read=0b, write=0b, max=0b]"}
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{"index":{"_index":"test-logs"}}
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{"message":"[2024-03-05T10:52:47,787][INFO ][o.e.d.DiscoveryModule ] [laptop] using discovery type [multi-node] and seed hosts providers [settings]"}
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{"index":{"_index":"test-logs"}}
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{"message":"[2024-03-05T10:52:49,188][INFO ][o.e.n.Node ] [laptop] initialized"}
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{"index":{"_index":"test-logs"}}
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{"message":"[2024-03-05T10:52:49,199][INFO ][o.e.n.Node ] [laptop] starting ..."}
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GET _text_structure/find_field_structure?index=test-logs&field=message
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----
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// TEST
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If the request does not encounter errors, you receive the following result:
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[source,console-result]
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----
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{
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"num_lines_analyzed" : 22,
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"num_messages_analyzed" : 22,
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"sample_start" : "[2024-03-05T10:52:36,256][INFO ][o.a.l.u.VectorUtilPanamaProvider] [laptop] Java vector incubator API enabled; uses preferredBitSize=128\n[2024-03-05T10:52:41,038][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [laptop] loaded module [repository-url]\n", <3>
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"charset" : "UTF-8",
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"format" : "semi_structured_text",
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"multiline_start_pattern" : "^\\[\\b\\d{4}-\\d{2}-\\d{2}[T ]\\d{2}:\\d{2}",
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"grok_pattern" : "\\[%{TIMESTAMP_ISO8601:timestamp}\\]\\[%{LOGLEVEL:loglevel} \\]\\[.*",
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"ecs_compatibility" : "disabled",
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"timestamp_field" : "timestamp",
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"joda_timestamp_formats" : [
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"ISO8601"
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],
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"java_timestamp_formats" : [
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"ISO8601"
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],
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"need_client_timezone" : true,
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"mappings" : {
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"properties" : {
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"@timestamp" : {
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"type" : "date"
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},
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"loglevel" : {
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"type" : "keyword"
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},
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"message" : {
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"type" : "text"
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}
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}
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},
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"ingest_pipeline" : {
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"description" : "Ingest pipeline created by text structure finder",
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"processors" : [
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{
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"grok" : {
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"field" : "message",
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"patterns" : [
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"\\[%{TIMESTAMP_ISO8601:timestamp}\\]\\[%{LOGLEVEL:loglevel} \\]\\[.*"
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],
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"ecs_compatibility" : "disabled"
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}
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},
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{
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"date" : {
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"field" : "timestamp",
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"timezone" : "{{ event.timezone }}",
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"formats" : [
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"ISO8601"
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]
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}
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},
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{
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"remove" : {
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"field" : "timestamp"
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}
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}
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]
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},
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"field_stats" : {
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"loglevel" : {
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"count" : 22,
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"cardinality" : 1,
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"top_hits" : [
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{
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"value" : "INFO",
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"count" : 22
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}
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]
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},
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"message" : {
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"count" : 22,
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"cardinality" : 22,
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"top_hits" : [
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{
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"value" : "[2024-03-05T10:52:36,256][INFO ][o.a.l.u.VectorUtilPanamaProvider] [laptop] Java vector incubator API enabled; uses preferredBitSize=128",
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"count" : 1
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},
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{
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"value" : "[2024-03-05T10:52:41,038][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [laptop] loaded module [repository-url]",
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"count" : 1
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},
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{
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"value" : "[2024-03-05T10:52:41,042][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [laptop] loaded module [rest-root]",
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"count" : 1
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},
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{
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"value" : "[2024-03-05T10:52:41,043][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [laptop] loaded module [ingest-user-agent]",
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"count" : 1
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},
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{
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"value" : "[2024-03-05T10:52:41,043][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [laptop] loaded module [x-pack-core]",
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"count" : 1
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},
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{
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"value" : "[2024-03-05T10:52:41,043][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [laptop] loaded module [x-pack-redact]",
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"count" : 1
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},
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{
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"value" : "[2024-03-05T10:52:41,044][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [laptop] loaded module [lang-painless]]",
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"count" : 1
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},
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{
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"value" : "[2024-03-05T10:52:41,044][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [laptop] loaded module [repository-s3]",
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"count" : 1
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},
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{
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"value" : "[2024-03-05T10:52:41,044][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [laptop] loaded module [x-pack-analytics]",
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"count" : 1
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},
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{
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"value" : "[2024-03-05T10:52:41,044][INFO ][o.e.p.PluginsService ] [laptop] loaded module [x-pack-autoscaling]",
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"count" : 1
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}
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]
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},
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"timestamp" : {
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"count" : 22,
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"cardinality" : 14,
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"earliest" : "2024-03-05T10:52:36,256",
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"latest" : "2024-03-05T10:52:49,199",
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"top_hits" : [
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{
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"value" : "2024-03-05T10:52:41,044",
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"count" : 6
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},
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{
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"value" : "2024-03-05T10:52:41,043",
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"count" : 3
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},
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{
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"value" : "2024-03-05T10:52:41,059",
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"count" : 2
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},
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{
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"value" : "2024-03-05T10:52:36,256",
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"count" : 1
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},
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{
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"value" : "2024-03-05T10:52:41,038",
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"count" : 1
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},
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{
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"value" : "2024-03-05T10:52:41,042",
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"count" : 1
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},
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{
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"value" : "2024-03-05T10:52:43,291",
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"count" : 1
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},
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{
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"value" : "2024-03-05T10:52:46,098",
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"count" : 1
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},
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{
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"value" : "2024-03-05T10:52:47,227",
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"count" : 1
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},
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{
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"value" : "2024-03-05T10:52:47,259",
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"count" : 1
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}
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]
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}
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}
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}
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----
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// TESTRESPONSE[s/"sample_start" : ".*",/"sample_start" : "$body.sample_start",/]
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// The substitution is because the text is pre-processed by the test harness,
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// so the fields may get reordered in the JSON the endpoint sees
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For a detailed description of the response format, or for additional examples
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on ingesting delimited text (such as CSV) or newline-delimited JSON, refer to the
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<<find-structure-examples,examples of the find text structure endpoint>>.
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