[Reporting] Document Network Policy configuration (#80431) (#80896)

* [Reporting] Document Network Policy configuration

* Apply suggestions from code review

Co-authored-by: Larry Gregory <lgregorydev@gmail.com>

* Apply suggestions from code review

Co-authored-by: gchaps <33642766+gchaps@users.noreply.github.com>

* remove detail about policy acting on responses

* Update docs/user/reporting/network-policy.asciidoc

Co-authored-by: gchaps <33642766+gchaps@users.noreply.github.com>

* lowercase network policy

* typo

Co-authored-by: Larry Gregory <lgregorydev@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: gchaps <33642766+gchaps@users.noreply.github.com>

Co-authored-by: Larry Gregory <lgregorydev@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: gchaps <33642766+gchaps@users.noreply.github.com>

docs/settings/reporting-settings.asciidoc

@@ -250,6 +250,11 @@ a| `xpack.reporting.capture.browser`
   exist. Configure this to a unique value, beginning with `.reporting-`, for every
   {kib} instance that has a unique `kibana.index` setting. Defaults to `.reporting`.
 
+| `xpack.reporting.capture.networkPolicy`
+  | Capturing a screenshot from a {kib} page involves sending out requests for all the linked web assets. For example, a Markdown
+  visualization can show an image from a remote server. You can configure what type of requests to allow or filter by setting a
+  <<reporting-network-policy, network policy>> for Reporting.
+
 | `xpack.reporting.roles.allow`
   | Specifies the roles in addition to superusers that can use reporting.
   Defaults to `[ "reporting_user" ]`. +

docs/user/reporting/configuring-reporting.asciidoc

@@ -75,3 +75,4 @@ to point to a proxy host requires that the Kibana server has network access to
 the proxy.
 
 include::{kib-repo-dir}/user/security/reporting.asciidoc[]
+include::network-policy.asciidoc[]

docs/user/reporting/network-policy.asciidoc

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+[role="xpack"]
+[[reporting-network-policy]]
+=== Restrict requests with a Reporting network policy
+
+When Reporting generates PDF reports, it uses the Chromium browser to fully load the {kib} page on the server. This
+potentially involves sending requests to external hosts. For example, a request might go to an external image server to show a
+field formatted as an image, or to show an image in a Markdown visualization.
+
+If the Chromium browser is asked to send a request that violates the network policy, Reporting stops processing the page
+before the request goes out, and the report is marked as a failure. Additional information about the event is in
+the Kibana server logs.
+
+[NOTE]
+============
+{kib} installations are not designed to be publicly accessible over the Internet. The Reporting network policy and other capabilities
+of the Elastic Stack security features do not change this condition.
+============
+
+==== Configure a Reporting network policy
+
+You configure the network policy by specifying the `xpack.reporting.capture.networkPolicy.rules` setting in `kibana.yml`. A policy is specified as
+an array of objects that describe what to allow or deny based on a host or protocol. If a host or protocol
+is not specified, the rule matches any host or protocol.
+
+The rule objects are evaluated sequentially from the beginning to the end of the array, and continue until there is a matching rule.
+If no rules allow a request, the request is denied.
+
+[source,yaml]
+-------------------------------------------------------
+# Only allow requests to placeholder.com
+xpack.reporting.capture.networkPolicy:
+  rules: [ { allow: true, host: "placeholder.com" } ] 
+-------------------------------------------------------
+
+[source,yaml]
+-------------------------------------------------------
+# Only allow requests to https://placeholder.com 
+xpack.reporting.capture.networkPolicy:
+  rules: [ { allow: true, host: "placeholder.com", protocol: "https:" } ] 
+-------------------------------------------------------
+
+A final `allow` rule with no host or protocol will allow all requests that are not explicitly denied.
+
+[source,yaml]
+-------------------------------------------------------
+# Denies requests from http://placeholder.com, but anything else is allowed.
+xpack.reporting.capture.networkPolicy:
+  rules: [{ allow: false, host: "placeholder.com", protocol: "http:" }, { allow: true }];
+-------------------------------------------------------
+
+A network policy can be composed of multiple rules.
+
+[source,yaml]
+-------------------------------------------------------
+# Allow any request to http://placeholder.com but for any other host, https is required
+xpack.reporting.capture.networkPolicy
+  rules: [
+    { allow: true, host: "placeholder.com", protocol: "http:" },
+    { allow: true, protocol: "https:" },
+  ]
+-------------------------------------------------------
+
+[NOTE]
+============
+The `file:` protocol is always denied, even if no network policy is configured.
+============
+
+==== Disable a Reporting network policy
+
+You can use the `xpack.reporting.capture.networkPolicy.enabled: false` setting to disable the network policy feature. The default for
+this configuration property is `true`, so it is not necessary to explicitly enable it.