LIR: merge hash attributes of same name to support legacy configurations

A [build failure][] of the grok plugin when run through LIR/lscl indicates that
there is an expectation for multiple Attributes of the same name to be merged
together.

This commit ports the failing spec in the plugin to an abstraction that can be
tested within logstash-core, and adds a caveat to the LSCL LIR-builder to
ensure that we merge the hashes in a way that is compatible with legacy
behaviour.

NOTE: when multiple Attributes of the same name are used in a single config,
it's possible to create configurations that circumvent `AST::Hash`'s ability to
report duplicate keys.

[build failure]: 293778268

Fixes #8597

logstash-core/lib/logstash/compiler/lscl.rb

@@ -103,10 +103,18 @@ module LogStashCompilerLSCLGrammar; module LogStash; module Compiler; module LSC
         end
       }.reduce({}) do |hash, kv|
         k, v = kv
-        if hash[k].nil?
+        existing = hash[k]
+        if existing.nil?
           hash[k] = v
+        elsif existing.kind_of?(::Hash)
+          # For legacy reasons, a config can contain multiple `AST::Attribute`s with the same name
+          # and a hash-type value (e.g., "match" in the grok filter), which are merged into a single
+          # hash value; e.g., `{"match" => {"baz" => "bar"}, "match" => {"foo" => "bulb"}}` is
+          # interpreted as `{"match" => {"baz" => "bar", "foo" => "blub"}}`.
+          # (NOTE: this bypasses `AST::Hash`'s ability to detect duplicate keys)
+          hash[k] = existing.merge(v)
         else
-          hash[k] += v
+          hash[k] = existing + v
         end
         hash
       end

logstash-core/spec/logstash/compiler/compiler_spec.rb

@@ -193,6 +193,35 @@ describe LogStash::Compiler do
           expect(c_plugin).to ir_eql(j.iPlugin(INPUT, "generator", expected_plugin_args))
         end
       end
+
+      describe "a filter plugin that repeats a Hash directive" do
+        let(:source) { "input { } filter { #{plugin_source} } output { } " }
+        subject(:c_plugin) { compiled[:filter] }
+
+        let(:plugin_source) do
+          %q[
+              grok {
+                match => { "message" => "%{WORD:word}" }
+                match => { "examplefield" => "%{NUMBER:num}" }
+                break_on_match => false
+              }
+          ]
+        end
+
+        let(:expected_plugin_args) do
+          {
+            "match" => {
+              "message" => "%{WORD:word}",
+              "examplefield" => "%{NUMBER:num}"
+            },
+            "break_on_match" => "false"
+          }
+        end
+
+        it "should merge the contents of the individual directives" do
+          expect(c_plugin).to ir_eql(j.iPlugin(FILTER, "grok", expected_plugin_args))
+        end
+      end
     end
 
     context "inputs" do