elasticsearch/docs/reference/elasticsearch/mapping-reference/document-metadata-fields.md
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Co-authored-by: Liam Thompson <32779855+leemthompo@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Liam Thompson <leemthompo@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Martijn Laarman <Mpdreamz@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: István Zoltán Szabó <szabosteve@gmail.com>
2025-02-27 17:56:14 +01:00

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---
mapped_pages:
- https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/mapping-fields.html
---
# Document metadata fields [mapping-fields]
Each document has metadata associated with it, such as the `_index` and `_id` metadata fields. The behavior of some of these metadata fields can be customized when a mapping is created.
## Identity metadata fields [_identity_metadata_fields]
[`_index`](/reference/elasticsearch/mapping-reference/mapping-index-field.md)
: The index to which the document belongs.
[`_id`](/reference/elasticsearch/mapping-reference/mapping-id-field.md)
: The documents ID.
## Document source metadata fields [_document_source_metadata_fields]
[`_source`](/reference/elasticsearch/mapping-reference/mapping-source-field.md)
: The original JSON representing the body of the document.
[`_size`](/reference/elasticsearch-plugins/mapper-size.md)
: The size of the `_source` field in bytes, provided by the [`mapper-size` plugin](/reference/elasticsearch-plugins/mapper-size.md).
## Doc count metadata field [_doc_count_metadata_field]
[`_doc_count`](/reference/elasticsearch/mapping-reference/mapping-doc-count-field.md)
: A custom field used for storing doc counts when a document represents pre-aggregated data.
## Indexing metadata fields [_indexing_metadata_fields]
[`_field_names`](/reference/elasticsearch/mapping-reference/mapping-field-names-field.md)
: All fields in the document which contain non-null values.
[`_ignored`](/reference/elasticsearch/mapping-reference/mapping-ignored-field.md)
: All fields in the document that have been ignored at index time because of [`ignore_malformed`](/reference/elasticsearch/mapping-reference/ignore-malformed.md).
## Routing metadata field [_routing_metadata_field]
[`_routing`](/reference/elasticsearch/mapping-reference/mapping-routing-field.md)
: A custom routing value which routes a document to a particular shard.
## Other metadata field [_other_metadata_field]
[`_meta`](/reference/elasticsearch/mapping-reference/mapping-meta-field.md)
: Application specific metadata.
[`_tier`](/reference/elasticsearch/mapping-reference/mapping-tier-field.md)
: The current data tier preference of the index to which the document belongs.